OREANDA-NEWS Scientists have created unique molecules capable of treating type 2 diabetes and obesity without risking heart disease, a side effect typical of existing beta-agonists. These are new-generation drugs that activate beta-2—adrenergic receptors, but with a "bias" towards the GRK2 protein, a key element in the regulation of glucose in muscles.

A study published in Cell showed that these molecules enhance glucose uptake by skeletal muscles without increasing cAMP levels, which means they do not cause tachycardia, hypertrophy, or other cardiac complications. In addition, they do not lead to a decrease in receptor sensitivity with prolonged use, which makes them a promising alternative to injectable drugs such as GLP-1 agonists.

Clinical trials in humans have confirmed the safety and good tolerability of the developed drug. Now, scientists hope that GRK-selective beta-2 receptor agonists will become the first new-generation oral medications for diabetes and obesity control — effective and safe at the same time.

Previously, it was found that semaglutide, the active ingredient of Ozempic and Wegovy, can cause vision loss in rare cases. A study involving 350,000 patients showed that taking the drug for more than two years doubles the risk of developing ischemic optic neuropathy.